FEATURES OF MODERN APPROACHES TO BUSINESS SUPPORT IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD

DOI: 10.31673/2415-8089.2025.031019

Abstract

The article is devoted to the analysis of state policy
and instruments for supporting Ukrainian enterprises in the post-war period in the context of national
and European approaches. It explores the unprecedented challenges caused by the armed aggression
of the Russian Federation, which has deeply affected the economy and particularly small and
medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), the backbone of Ukraine`s economic structure. Damage to
infrastructure, disruption of supply chains, loss of markets, and labor shortages have forced the
government to combine emergency stabilization measures with a broader vision of structural
modernization. The study highlights key support instruments, including concessional lending
programs (notably “5-7-9%”), targeted grant schemes, tax incentives, partial compensation
instruments, export promotion, enterprise location initiatives, and the rapid deployment of digital
services. These tools have been crucial for preserving employment, enabling adaptation to wartime
conditions, and laying the groundwork for reconstruction.
Particular emphasis is placed on the experience of the European Union, including the
implementation of the NextGenerationEU recovery fund, which ties investment flows to green and
digital reforms, and the Temporary Crisis and Transition Network for state aid, which enabled
member states to support businesses during energy and security shocks while preserving competition
rules. The comparative analysis reveals converging priorities: both Ukraine and the EU focus on
innovation, sustainability, and digitalization as drivers of resilience. At the same time, fundamental
differences persist. While EU member states rely on robust budgets and institutions, Ukraine must
rebuild under conditions of large-scale destruction and limited internal resources, making
international assistance and private capital mobilization indispensable. The article stresses the
necessity of institutional capacity-building, transparency, and anti-corruption safeguards, as well as
instruments for war-risk insurance to unlock investment. It concludes that successful post-war
recovery is possible through the synergy of national policy, external financial and technical support,
and entrepreneurial dynamism, ultimately enabling Ukraine to construct a modernized, competitive
economy integrated into the European economic space.
Keywords: post-war recovery, state support for business, small and medium-sized enterprises,
concessional lending, grant programs, European Union, institutional capacity.

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