METHODS FOR ASSESSING THE QUALITY AND CRYPTOGRAPHIC STRENGTH OF SEQUENCES GENERATED BY PSEUDORANDOM NUMBER GENERATORS

DOI: 10.31673/2409-7292.2025.041218

Abstract

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of methods for assessing the quality and cryptographic stability of
pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs), which are key elements of modern cryptographic systems. Several main groups of
approaches are considered, including statistical, cryptographic stability assessment, etc. Statistical methods implemented in
NIST standards allow determining the level of randomness of sequences by criteria such as uniformity, lack of correlations, and
entropic sufficiency. In contrast, cryptographic approaches focus on checking the unpredictability and stability of the generator
to the restoration of the internal state. Particular attention is paid to entropic analysis in accordance with the requirements of
NIST SP 800-90B and the impact of potential quantum attacks, which necessitate the revision of existing security models. It is
determined that no single method provides a complete assessment of the reliability of PRNGs, therefore the most effective is a
combined approach that combines statistical, cryptanalytic, and entropic methods. Directions for further development of
evaluation methods are proposed, in particular, the use of machine learning algorithms to detect hidden patterns, the use of
formal mathematical proofs of security, and the creation of hybrid verification systems capable of taking into account the risks
of post-quantum cryptography. The results obtained can be used to improve the standards for testing generators and increase the
reliability of cryptographic means of information protection.
Keywords: quantum computing, cryptoresistance, pseudorandom number generators, security standards, cryptographic
systems.

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