A MODEL FOR DETERMINING QUALITY OF SERVICE (QOS) ROUTING AND ITS DELAY IN WIRELESS NETWORKS

DOI: 10.31673/2409-7292.2025.041207

Abstract

This paper proposes a novel mathematical routing model for wireless networks designed to guarantee Quality of Service
(QoS) under dynamic, self-similar traffic conditions. The model adopts a cross-layer approach that integrates the physical, data
link, and network layers of the protocol stack and employs Lagrangian relaxation to decompose a complex optimization problem
aimed at minimizing end-to-end delay, packet loss, and energy consumption. A tabu-search heuristic algorithm is applied to
efficiently locate quasi-optimal solutions while avoiding local minima in the feasible routing space. To realistically model traffic
dynamics, a fractal self-similar non-homogeneous Poisson process (FSNDP) is utilized, accurately capturing key statistical
characteristics of real-world network traffic—particularly long-range dependence and burst intensity. Simulation results
demonstrate the superiority of the proposed approach: average jitter is reduced by 22–35%, throughput is increased by 18–27%,
and resilience to transient overloads is significantly enhanced compared to conventional protocols such as IEEE 802.11
CSMA/CA. Additionally, an active node load control mechanism combined with selective discarding of excessively
retransmitted packets is implemented to prevent queue avalanche effects and reduce the likelihood of network collapse during
traffic peaks.
Keywords: traffic intensity, Quality of Service (QoS), wireless network, routing model, self-similar traffic, Lagrangian
relaxation, tabu search.

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